Breakthrough Tracker record
A cold-atom quantum simulator mapped the Hubbard-model pseudogap
A two-dimensional ultracold-atom implementation of the repulsive Fermi–Hubbard model observed the crossover from a normal metal to a pseudogapped metal and mapped the pseudogap across interaction, temperature and doping using single- and two-particle response measurements.
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- Stable ID
physics-fermi-hubbard-quantum-simulator-pseudogap-2026- Revision
physics-fermi-hubbard-quantum-simulator-pseudogap-2026.v1- Field
- Physics · Quantum simulation, strongly correlated matter and ultracold atoms
- Evidence
- Tier 1 · Peer reviewed: Yes
- Record state
- Current · Peer-reviewed result
- Last checked
AI role
No AI role was disclosed in the inspected peer-reviewed article.
Record details
- Problem or result
- Experimental phase mapping of the pseudogap in the two-dimensional Fermi–Hubbard model
- Authors
- Lev Haldar Kendrick, Anant Kale, Youqi Gang, Alexander Dennisovich Deters, Martin Lebrat, Aaron W. Young and Markus Greiner
- Institutions
- Harvard University and JILA, University of Colorado Boulder
- Result date
- Published in Nature on August 5, 2026
Why it matters
The Hubbard model is a central minimal model for strongly correlated electrons, but its doped two-dimensional regime is hard to calculate. A controlled quantum simulator provides a direct experimental map of the pseudogap and a benchmark for theories connected to high-temperature superconductivity.
Limits
This is an analogue quantum simulation of the two-dimensional Hubbard model, not a direct observation in a cuprate material. Mapping the normal-state pseudogap does not by itself establish the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity.
Sources
- Primary: Kendrick and colleagues, Pseudogap in a Fermi–Hubbard quantum simulator
- Open data and code: Data and analysis code for the Fermi–Hubbard pseudogap experiment
Correction and revision history
- 2026-08-08 — Added after primary-source review as a peer-reviewed result; the scope, evidence level and material limitations are stated explicitly.
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